diff --git a/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/notes/but.md b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/notes/but.md
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+---
+logosub: "Japanese"
+language: "en"
+title: "けど、けれど、けれども、のに"
+---
+
+#### けど、だけど
+
+* 肉じゃがを 上手にできなかった。
+* I made nikujaga, it did not turn out well.
+ *
+
+
+* 母親は るとい。
+* My mother is kind when she is angry, she is scary.
+ *
+
+
+* 明日は どこへもいかない。
+* Tomorrow I am free, I am not going anywhere.
+* アップルパイが大、食べと、太っちゃう。
+* I love apple pie, when I eat , I (always) became fat (and I am not happy about that).
+ *
+
+
+* 彼は16学校に行っていない。
+* He is 16 years old does not go to school.
+ *
+
+---
+
+**けど** ＞ **けれど** ＞ **けれども**
+
+Casual > Polite
+
+---
+
+* りたいんです があいてないんです。
+* I want to sit, there are no chairs available (For example when talking to staff, more polite than けど).
+
+---
+
+#### のに
+
+Expresses an emotion like a complaint, unsatisfaction, disappointment or admiration.
+
+* 父はいつもは酒を 今日はたくさん飲んでいる。
+* My father never drinks, today he is drinking a lot *(expresses a complaint, you can also replace with けど but it then changes intonation)*.
+* 毎日10時間 だいがくにでこなかった。
+* I studied 10 hours every day, I did not graduate to college *(disappointment)*.
+ *
+
+
+* この店、 料理がおいしくない。
+* This restaurant is expensive the food is not tasty *(complaint)*.
+ *
+
+
+* あのは 親に捨てられた。
+* That magazine was important (to me) my parents threw it away *(complaint)*.
+ *
+
+
+* あの子はまだ 漢字が書けるんです。
+* that child is 5 years old, she can already write kanji *(admiration)*.
+ *
+
+---
+
+のに is usually interchangable with けど、 but のに adds emotion to the sentence.
+
+* 眠い 宿題をしなければならないので まだ寝られない。
+* I am sleepy, I have to do my homework so I cannot sleep yet.
+
+* 旅行に行く予定 台風がるから行けないかもしれない。
+* I was planning to travel, I might not go because a typhoon is coming.
+
+Here, you express no emotions, so のに is not used;
+
+* 試験はしい 頑張ってください。
+* The exam is difficult, please do your best.
+
+* 料理が上手に作れた あなたが好きかどうかは分からない。
+* I am skilled at cooking, I do not know if you will like it.
+
+
+---
+
+###### 関係する動画
+
+* [Japanese N4 Grammar【けど／けれど／けれども、のに】](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tkotdneiFS0) by: [【桜の間 日本語ルーム】](https://www.youtube.com/@yukijapanese00)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/notes/if-when.md b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/notes/if-when.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2319042
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/notes/if-when.md
@@ -0,0 +1,620 @@
+---
+logosub: "Japanese"
+language: "en"
+title: "と、たら、ば、なら"
+---
+
+1. [と - when / if > (always)](#と)
+2. [たら - when / if > (then)](#たら)
+3. [なら - when / if > (first)](#なら)
+4. [ば - if](#ば)
+5. [もし - emphasis on: if](#もし)
+
+---
+
+"If I go", can be phrased with:
+* 行く
+* 行っ
+* 行く
+* 行け
+
+* A、B > If / When A happens, B happens.
+* A、B > If / When A happens, , B happens.
+* A、B > If / When A is going to happen, B happens .
+
+Note that と、なら and ば cannot be used for something that happened in the past. Only can be used here.
+
+* 食べすぎ、気持ち悪くなった。 I ate too much, I felt sick.
+
+---
+
+#### と
+
+Expresses **facts** or things that **always** happen. It cannot express wish, will or request.
+
+* Conditional ＞ Grammar ＞ Outcome
+* Verb **Dictionary-form** ＞ と
+
+* 春になる、さくらが咲きます。
+* spring comes, cherry blossoms () bloom.
+
+* ここを押す、電気がつく。
+* you press here, the light () turns on.
+
+* ここにお金をれる、きっぷが出てくる。
+* you insert money here, a ticket () comes out.
+
+* 朝起きる、水を飲む。
+* I wake up in the morning, I drink water.
+
+---
+
+It can also describe things that happened in the past.
+
+* スーパーに行、セールをしてい。
+* I went to the supermarket they a sale.
+
+---
+
+##### と、とき
+
+* デスノートに人の名前を書く、その人は死ぬ。
+* you write a persons name in the deathnote, that person () dies.
+* デスノートに人の名前を書く、その人は死ぬ。
+* you write a persons name in the deathnote, that person () dies.
+ * Puts a lot more emphasis on "the moment I am writing...", rather than: when A happens, then B.
+
+
+* 歩く、お母さんから電話が来た。
+* I was walking, I () got a phone call from my mother (Does not make much sense).
+* 歩いていた、お母さんから電話が来た。
+* I was walking, I got a phone call from my mother (Here, A has nothing to do with B, its not a direct cause).
+
+* ここを押す、痛い。 I press here, it () hurts.
+ * If it has been that way for quite a while and it always hurts.
+
+
+* ここを押す、痛い。 I press here, it hurts.
+ * Emphasis on **when**, the time, when you press.
+ * It sounds like an answer to the question: "When does it hurt?" > "When I press here..."
+
+
+* 目をじる、何も見えない。 you close your eyes, you () can see nothing.
+ * じる （とじる）- Is used for closing eyes, books.
+ * める （しめる）- Is used for closing doors, windows.
+
+
+* 眼鏡をかけない、何も見えない。 I do not wear glasses, I () can see nothing.
+
+* 電気を消す、部屋が暗くなる。 you turn off the light, the room () becomes dark.
+ * 暗い + なる ＞ 暗なる
+
+
+* 電気をつける、部屋が明るくなる。 you turn on the light, the room () becomes bright.
+ * 明るい + なる ＞ 明るなる
+
+
+* このボタンを押す、飲み物がてくる。 you press this button, a drink () comes out.
+* 水に携帯を落す、壊れる。 you drop your phone in water it () breaks.
+* 牛乳を飲む、お腹が痛くなる。 I drink milk, my stomach () hurts.
+ * 痛くなる is used here, to indicate it happens you drink it (become hurt).
+
+
+* アップルパイを食べる、幸せになるます。 I eat apple pie, I () became happy.
+* アップルパイを食べ、太る。 I eat apple pie, I () became fat.
+* お酒を飲み、気持ち悪くなる。 I drink alcohol, I () became sick.
+* する、話せなくなる。 I get nervous, I () cannot speak.
+* ピノキオはをつく、鼻がびる。 Pinokkio lies, his nose () grows.
+* 休まない、間違えちゃうよ。 I do not rest, you will () make a mistake (and you will not like that).
+* ダブルクリックしない、ファイルがけれないよ。 you do not double-click, you () cannot open the file.
+* ピカチュウがまえらない、泣きたくなる。 I cannot catch Pikachu, I () feel like I want to cry.
+
+There is a special usage of と, to indicate a **suprising outcome**.
+* ランプをこする、ジーニーがれました。 I rubbed the lamp, () a Genie appeared.
+ * 「plain present tense」 と 「past tense」
+
+
+* 右足し、左足す、歩ける。 you move your right leg forward your left leg forward, you () can walk.
+
+---
+
+#### たら
+
+Expresses both **hypothetical** and **definite** situations (like と).
+
+It is used often for *what-if* stories and can express wish, will or request.
+
+* Conditional ＞ Grammar ＞ Outcome
+* Verb **た-form** ＞ ら
+
+---
+
+* ひまになっ、教えて。
+* Let me know you are free.
+* you are free, let me know.
+
+* 晴れ、海に行きたい。 *(Hypothetical situation)*
+* I want to go to the beach it is sunny.
+* it is sunny, I want to go to the beach.
+
+* 昼になっ、出かける。 *(Definite situation)*
+* it is noon, I will go out.
+
+* 空を飛べ、世界一周したい。 *(Hypothetical, What-if situation)*
+* I could fly in the sky, I would like to go around the world.
+
+* 家に帰っ、ゲームをしてもいい？ *(expresses a request)*
+* I get home, can I play games?
+
+Comparison with と
+
+「」can do all the things that can.
+
+* 食べすぎる、太る。
+* I eat too much, I () get fat.
+* 食べすぎ、太る。
+* I eat too much, () I get fat.
+
+Still, sounds more natural if something happens.
+
+* ピーナッツを食べる、死んじゃう。
+* I eat peanuts, I () die. *(Its as good as certain here)*
+* ピーナッツを食べ、死んじゃう。
+* I eat peanuts () I die. *(But, it might not happen, its not always)*
+
+Past form, it has the same meaning and the same nuances.
+
+* スーパーに行、セールをしてい。
+* I went to the supermarket they a sale.
+* スーパーに行、セールをしてい。
+* I went to the supermarket they a sale.
+
+But remember, と cannot express requests.
+
+* 寒い、服を着て。
+* 寒かっ、服を着て。
+* it is cold, wear clothes. *Expresses a request*
+
+---
+
+If clause 1 happens, then clause 2 happens.
+
+* 明日雨が降っ、家にいる。
+* it rains, () I will stay home.
+
+* 勉強しなかっ、試験に合格できない。
+* I do not study, () I cannot pass the exam.
+
+* またれ、になる。
+* I am late again, () I will get fired.
+
+* またをつい、さない。
+* you lie again, () I will not forgive you.
+
+* 車を運転し、をこすと思う。
+* I drive a car, () I think I will cause an accident.
+
+* 車を運転し、をこすと思う、運転したくない。
+* I do not want to drive, I drive a car, () I think I will cause an accident.
+
+* 質問があっ、せず何でも聞いてください。
+* you have a question, () feel free to ask me anything.
+
+* お金があっ、何がしたいですか。
+* you had money, () what would you do?
+
+* お金があっ、を旅行する。
+* I had money, () I would travel around the world.
+
+* 彼女がい、このレストランにれてくる。
+* I had a girlfriend, () I would bring her to this restaurant.
+ * 「object」を持ってくる。 To bring (object)
+ * 「location」に「someone」をれてくる。To bring (someone) to (location)
+
+
+* 明日はれ、ピクニックをしましょう。
+* in is sunny tomorrow, lets have a picnic.
+
+In this case, you cannot use と, because it does not always happens, unless:
+
+* 晴れる、ピクニックをする。
+* it is sunny, I have a picnic.
+
+
+Remember that does not always have to mean "" it can also mean "".
+
+* 食べすぎ、太った。
+* I ate to much, I got fat (its already a fact, it happened).
+* 食べすぎ、太った。
+* I ate to much, I got fat (Here it emphasises the time. It sounds like an answer to: "**When** did you get fat?").
+
+* ドアをっ、足の骨がれた。
+* I kicked the door, () I broke my leg.
+* ドアをっ、足の骨がれた。
+* I kicked the door, I broke my leg.
+
+* マリオはキノコをったら、大きくなった。
+* Mario took the mushroom, () he got bigger.
+
+* し、どうする？
+* What I fail?
+
+* 俺が実はスパイダーマン、どうする？ What I am actually Spiderman?
+ * Noun +
+
+
+* かわい。
+* it is cute.
+
+* その映画が面白、見る。
+* the movie is interesting, () I will watch it.
+ * い-adjective + *(past tense + ら)*
+
+
+* 静か。
+* it is quiet.
+ * な-adjective + *(past tense + ら)*
+
+
+**Negation forms**
+
+* Verb + なかったら
+ * 行かなかったら I dont go
+* い-adjective (い > く) + なかったら
+* な-adjective (な > じゃ) + なかったら
+* Noun + じゃ + なかったら
+
+* 私が行、どうする？
+* I don't go, what do I do?
+
+* 間に合、先に行ってね。
+* I don't make it on time, () go ahead (without me).
+
+* 好きじゃ、食べなくてもいいよ。
+* you don't like it, () you don't have to eat it.
+
+##### Past form
+
+* 食べすぎ、気持ち悪くなった。
+* I ate too much, I felt sick.
+
+
+##### て and たら
+
+There is also a difference in the nuance to "then".
+
+* テレビをみて、寝た。
+* I watched television and went to sleep.
+ * But note that clause 1 is not a cause for clause 2. Its an order of things.
+
+* テレビをみ、寝た。
+* I watched television, went to sleep.
+ * Here, watching television is the cause of going to sleep.
+
+* ~、...て（ください）
+ * When / if ~, (please do...)
+
+* 暑かっ、窓を開けてください。
+* it is hot, please open the window.
+
+* 見つかっ、電話してください。
+* you find it, please call me.
+
+See also the [ば](#ば) form for these request forms.
+
+---
+
+#### なら
+
+なら is used a a conditional if.
+
+* Conditional ＞ Grammar ＞ Outcome
+* Verb **Dictionary-form** ＞ なら
+
+Note, sometimes の or ん is placed before なら、but it does not change the meaning.
+
+---
+
+* 日本に行く、まずカメラを買う。
+* I go to Japan, I will get a camera first.
+ * Here, you cannot use because you want to do something before the other thing happens. should be used instead.
+ * Clause 2 happens first, then clause 1 happens.
+
+---
+
+* 東京に行く、がおすすめだよ。
+* you go to Tokyo, I recommend Asakusa!
+
+* コンビニに行く、コーラを買ってきて。
+* you go to the convenience store, buy me a Cola.
+
+---
+
+Difference between たら and なら.
+
+* になっ、お金持ちになる。
+* I become president, () I will be a rich person.
+ * *(clause 2 is a direct result of clause 1).*
+
+
+* になっ、お金持ちになる。
+* I become president, () I will be a rich person.
+ * *(First you need the money, in order to become president).*
+
+
+* 日本に住ん、日本語が話せるようになる。
+* I live in Japan, () I will be able to speak in Japanese.
+* 日本で働きたい、日本語を勉強しなきゃ。
+* I want to live in Japan, () I must study Japanese.
+
+
+* 明日雨が降っ、ピクニックに行かないほうがいい。
+* it rains tomorrow, we should not go for a picnic.
+ * *(This does not sound like you just found out about the rain, but more like: if A then B. There is no context)*
+
+
+* 明日雨が降る、ピクニックに行かないほうがいい。
+* it rains tomorrow, we should not go for a picnic.
+ * *(You already know it might rain, so given the context of A, then B.)*
+
+
+* 頭が痛かっ、薬を飲んだほうがいいよ。
+* your head hurts, you should take medicine.
+ * *(no context, just a statement)*
+
+
+* 頭が痛い、薬を飲んだほうがいいよ。
+* your head hurts, you should take medicine.
+ * *(context, maybe your friend told you he or she has a headache)*
+
+
+なら is also used in situations where you do something because someone said so. If you say/do A, I will do B.
+
+* がそう言う。
+* you (senpai) say so.
+
+* がそう言う、 私も行きます。 you (senpai) say so, I will go too.
+* が好き、この曲はすごいはず。
+* senpai likes it, then this music it must be awesome.
+
+* がタバコをやめる、私もタバコをやめる。
+* senpai quits smoking, I will quit smoking too.
+
+
+##### 例文
+
+* ドレスをかう、まずせる。
+* I buy a dress, () I will lose weight first.
+
+
+* 子供がほしい、結婚しなきゃ（だめだ）。
+* you want a child, () you must get married.
+ * なきゃ（だめだ）means: its no good if you dont do...
+
+
+* に行きたいんですが。
+* I would like to get to Shibuya station.
+* ↳ に行きたい、 JRにりえてください。
+* you would like to go to Shibuya station please transfer to the [JR Yamanote line](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamanote_Line).
+
+
+* を使う、外に出てください。
+* you want to use your phone, please go outside.
+
+
+* けたくない、強くならなきゃだめだ！
+* you do not want to lose, you must become stronger!
+ * 強くなら To become strong
+
+
+* 日本語が上手になりたい、 もっと練習しなきゃ。
+* you want to become better at Japanese, you have to practice.
+
+
+* がありますか。
+* Do you have green tea?
+* ↳ あります。
+* We have black tea ( green tea)
+
+* Lサイズがありますか。
+* Do you have size L?
+* ↳ XLあります。
+* We have XL ( L).
+
+* 大阪に行ったことがありますか。
+* Have you been to Osaka?
+* ↳ 京都行ったことがあります。
+* I have been to Kyoto ( Osaka).
+
+* あなた出来る！
+* You can do it ().
+
+* 五分話せます。
+* I can speak for 5 minutes ().
+
+---
+
+#### ば
+
+It emphasises the **condition**, as a means to achieve your goal.
+
+It is also used to ask for **advice**.
+
+The outcome of the condition for ば is usually a **desirable** event.
+
+* Conditional ＞ Grammar ＞ Outcome
+* Verb **え-vowel-form** ＞ ば
+* 読む ＞ 読め ＞ 読めば (五段 verbs)
+* 食べる ＞ 食べ ＞ 食べれば (一段 verbs)
+
+* する ＞ すれば
+* る ＞ れば
+
+---
+
+* A、B > If / When A happens, , B happens. There is more emphasis on the B clause here.
+* A、B > If A happens, B happens. There is more emphasis on the A clause here.
+
+* これを読め、わかります。
+* you read this, you will understand.
+
+* セールに行け、服を安く買える。
+* you go to a sale, you can buy clothes cheaply.
+ * The emphasis is on the sale here.
+
+
+* 質問があれ、いつでも聞いてください。
+* you have any questions, just ask anytime.
+ * ある is used to express a state of being.
+
+
+* どうすれ、日本語が上手になりますか。 *(Asking for advice)*
+* How can I become better at Japanese?
+
+* 美味しい物を食べれ、幸せになる。
+* I eat delicious things, I will become happy.
+
+##### ない-form, negative form
+
+* 行く ＞ 行かない ＞ 行かなければ
+
+##### ば and と
+
+Same meaning. But と is more factual and ば emphasises the condition.
+
+* ここにお金をれ、きっぷが出てくる。
+* you insert money here, a ticket () comes out.
+* ここにお金をれ、きっぷが出てくる。
+* you insert money here, a ticket () comes out.
+
+##### ば and たら
+
+* があっ、飛べる。
+* I had wings, I could fly. （focus on what happens if you have wings）
+* があれ、飛べる。
+* I had wings, I could fly. （focus on the wings themselves, if only I had wings）
+
+* お金があっ、家がかえる。
+* I had money, I could buy a house. *(emphasis on what would happen, you may already have the money)*
+* お金があれ、家が買える。
+* I had money, I could buy a house. *(emphasis on the if-part, maybe you do not have the money)*
+
+* 晴れ、海に行きたい。 *(Hypothetical situation)*
+* it is sunny, I want to go to the beach.
+* 晴れ、海に行きたい。 *(Hypothetical situation)*
+* it is sunny, I want to go to the beach.
+
+---
+
+Conjugation for verbs is done by changing to and add .
+
+* 食べる ＞ 食べ
+* 見る ＞ 見
+* 書く ＞ 書
+* 話す ＞ 話
+* する ＞ す
+* る ＞
+
+For adjectives:
+
+* い-adjectives change to:
+* 寒い ＞ 寒
+* かわいい ＞ かわい
+* いい ＞ よ
+* かっこいい ＞ かっこよ
+
+な-adjectives tend to be used only in formal speech. The たら form is mostly used.
+
+* な-adjectives change to: /
+ * 「」is very official in tone.
+ * 「」is only used in writing.
+
+* 静かな ＞ 静か ＞ 静か it is quiet.
+
+---
+
+ある and いる are exceptional verbs that can be used with even when clause B is "~て（request）".
+* Adjective / ある / いる + ば、...て（ください）。 When / if, (please do...)
+
+* 暑、窓を開けてください。
+* it is hot, please open the window.
+
+---
+
+It is also used for asking and giving advice.
+
+* どうすれ、日本語が上手になりますか。
+* How can I improve my Japanese? (lit. I do how...)
+
+* もっと勉強すれ、日本語が上手になるよ。
+* I study more, my Japanese will improve. (the outcome will be good)
+
+Or expressions of regret, like: "it would have been good if..."
+
+* 試験の前に、もっと勉強すれよかった。
+* I wish I studied more before the exam.
+* (lit. It would have been good I studied more...)
+
+* 飛行機に乗る前に、食べれよかった。
+* I wish I had eaten before getting on the airplane.
+* (lit. It would have been good I had eaten...)
+
+* 電話番号を聞けよかった。
+* I wish I had asked her phone number.
+* (lit. It would have been good I asked...)
+
+* カメラを持ってくれよかった。
+* I wish I had brought my camera.
+* (lit. It would have been good I brought...)
+
+And its negation form:
+
+* パーテイーになけれよかった。
+* I wish I didn't come to the party.
+* (lit. It would have been good I did not come...)
+ * る ＞ ない
+
+
+* 何も言わなけれよかった。
+* I wish I did not say anything.
+* (lit. It would have been good I did not say...)
+ * 言う ＞ 言わない
+
+
+* を教えなけれよかった。
+* I wish I did not tell my secret.
+* (lit. It would have been good I did not tell/teach...)
+ * 教える ＞ 教えない
+
+
+* このゲームを買わなけれよかった。
+* I wish I did not buy this game.
+* (lit. It would have been good I did not buy...)
+ * 買う ＞ 買わない
+
+---
+
+#### もし
+
+Puts more on "if" to make it hypothetical. Is used in combination with: たら、なら and ば.
+
+It usually is at the start of the sentence.
+
+* もし一億円あっ、どうする？
+* What would you do you had 100 million yen?
+
+* もししてい、何て言う？
+* What would you say if I am pregnant? (here, a lot more emphasis is put on that it is hypothetical)
+
+---
+
+#### 関係する動画
+
+* ["IF" / "WHEN" （と vs たら vs とき) - part 1](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F-THHO4iHWE) by: [Japanese Ammo with Misa](https://www.youtube.com/@JapaneseAmmowithMisa)
+* ["IF" / "WHEN" たら - part 2](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DFX0AaNhlEw) by: [Japanese Ammo with Misa](https://www.youtube.com/@JapaneseAmmowithMisa)
+* ["IF" conditional なら - part 3](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e_c3V882am0) by: [Japanese Ammo with Misa](https://www.youtube.com/@JapaneseAmmowithMisa)
+* ["IF" ば & もし & "I wish I did - part 4](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ELgHWErsA_k) by: [Japanese Ammo with Misa](https://www.youtube.com/@JapaneseAmmowithMisa)
+
+* [Mastering Japanese Conditionals: と, たら, ば, なら](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ocZfV_3gAM0) by: [Learn Japanese with Moon-chan](https://www.youtube.com/@JapanesewithMoon-chan)
+
+---
diff --git a/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/notes/mae-ni-ato-de.md b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/notes/mae-ni-ato-de.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b2e10ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/notes/mae-ni-ato-de.md
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+---
+logosub: "Japanese"
+language: "en"
+title: "前に、後で"
+---
+
+Grammer to express *before*, *in front of* and *after*, *later*.
+
+---
+
+#### 前に
+
+* Verb **Dictionary-form** ＞ 前に
+* Noun ＋**の** ＞ 前に
+
+---
+
+**Verbs**
+
+* 映画を見る食事をします。
+* I will have a meal watching a movie.
+
+* 映画を見る食事をしました。
+* I had a meal watching a movie.
+
+**Nouns**
+
+* 自転車がたくさんあります。
+* the post office, there are a lot of bicycles.
+
+* 旅行を買っておきます。
+* I will buy tickets the trip.
+
+---
+
+#### 後で
+
+* Verb **Past-form** ＞ 後で
+* Noun ＋**の** ＞ 後で
+
+---
+
+**Verbs**
+
+* お酒を飲んだ、運転してはダメですよ。
+* drinking alcohol, you cannot drive.
+
+**Nouns**
+
+* 宿題、友達と遊びに行きます。
+* doing homework, I will go out with my friend.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/notes/rashii-kamoshirenai-darou.md b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/notes/rashii-kamoshirenai-darou.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0c415e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/notes/rashii-kamoshirenai-darou.md
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+---
+logosub: "Japanese"
+language: "en"
+title: "らしい、かもしれない、だろう"
+---
+
+1. [らしい](#らしい)
+2. [かもしれない](#かもしれない)
+3. [どろう](#どろう)
+
+---
+
+#### らしい
+
+らしい is used to express: *seems*, *I heard that*, *looks like*
+
+* Verb **Dictionary-form** ＞ らしい
+
+---
+
+* 明日は雨が降る。
+* It that it will rain tomorrow.
+
+* 駅前にスーパーが建つ。
+* It a supermarket will be built in front of the station.
+
+* あの会社はする。
+* the company will go bankrupt.
+
+* 山田さんは外国へです。 *(Past form)*
+* Yamada-san went to a foreign country yesterday.
+
+---
+
+
+#### かもしれない
+
+かもしれない is used to express: *might*
+
+Such as speculation or a guess.
+
+* Verb **Dictionary-form** ＞ かもしれない
+
+---
+
+* 姉は来年する。
+* My older sister marry next year.
+
+---
+
+#### だろう
+
+だろう is used to express: *probably*
+
+* Verb **Dictionary-form** ＞ だろう
+
+It is the presumptive form of だ.
+
+---
+
+* 午後が風く。
+* The wind will blow in the afternoon.
+
+* 電車は五分ほどれる。
+* The train will be 5 minutes late.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/notes/tameni-youni-noni.md b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/notes/tameni-youni-noni.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5358a3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/notes/tameni-youni-noni.md
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+---
+logosub: "Japanese"
+language: "en"
+title: "ために、ように、のに"
+---
+
+1. [ために](#ために)
+2. [ように](#ように)
+3. [のに](#のに)
+
+---
+
+### 文法
+
+**ために**
+
+* V-る＋
+* N＋の＋＋V
+* Subject は V1＋ V2
+ * Subject does Verb 2 Verb 1
+
+
+**ように**
+
+* V-る＋
+* V-ない＋
+
+* V-る＋＋
+* V-る＋＋
+* V-る＋＋
+
+**ように / ような**
+
+* V (casual) ＋
+* N＋の＋
+
+---
+
+「」 is used with **volitional verbs**, the *aim* part is affirmative.
+
+「」 is used with **non-volitional verbs**, **potential forms** of verbs (話せる、 読める) and with **ない-forms** of a verb.
+
+*
+* 雨が降るった。
+* まりこに会う日本へ来ました。
+*
+
+* 日本語でマンガが読める、 勉強します。 *(potential form of verb)*
+* I study I can read manga in Japanese.
+
+「」 is used with **nouns**.
+
+「」 be used with **nouns**.
+
+---
+
+#### ために
+
+* Verb **Dictionary-form** ＞ ために
+* Of a **volitional verb**
+
+Or,
+
+* Noun ＋**の** ＞ ために
+
+---
+
+**Verbs**
+
+* 早く家に帰る走る。
+* I run return home early.
+
+* 私は試験に合格する勉強する。
+* I study to pass the exam.
+
+* 出かける、します。
+* I am getting ready go out.
+
+* 海外で働く、英語を勉強しています。
+* I am studying English work abroad.
+
+**Nouns**
+
+* 家族ケーキを焼く。
+* I bake a cake my family.
+
+* 日本語を勉強している人作ったpodcastです。
+* This is a podcast I made people who study Japanese.
+
+* を食べます。
+* I eat vegetables my health.
+
+* この、頑張ってきたんだ！
+* I have been working hard this day!
+
+* 父と母ケーキを買います。
+* I bought a cake my dad and mom.
+
+---
+
+#### ように
+
+Take care, as there are different grammar for ように.
+
+Expresses the purpose of doing something. It expresses that the speaker is doing effort to achieve a goal.
+
+Some ように are meant as: **in order to**, **so that**
+
+---
+
+* Verb **Dictionary-form** ＞ ように
+* Of a **non-volitional verb**
+
+Or,
+
+* Verb **Potential-form** ＞ ように
+* Verb **ない-form** ＞ ように
+
+---
+
+* 早く起きられる寝る。
+* I am going to sleep I can wake up early.
+
+* 友達に写真を撮るみました。
+* I asked my friend to take a picture. lit. let friend take picture, I asked favour.
+
+* 私は友達が勝てるおうえんする。
+* I will cheer my friends can win.
+
+* ビジネスでする、たくさん勉強します。 *(non-volitional verb)*
+* I study a lot I am successful in business.
+
+* 日本語でマンガが読める、勉強します。 *(potential form of verb)*
+* I study I can read manga in Japanese.
+
+* 誰かが食べない、プリンになまえ書こう。 *(ない-form of verb)*
+* I will write my name on the pudding nobody eats it.
+
+* わすれない、言っておくね。 *(ない-form of verb)*
+* I will tell you, I will not forget.
+
+* 練習して少し運転できるなりました。
+* After three days of practice, I was able drive a little.
+
+* 寝る前に甘い物を食べないしています。
+* I try not eat sweets before going to bed.
+
+---
+
+Other ように / ような are meant as: **like**, **similar to**, **as**
+
+* 日本人と話す、の日本語で話します。
+* I talk regular Japanese, talking to Japanese people .
+
+---
+
+##### 問題
+
+* **父親**：たかし、自転車の練習、がんばってる？
+* **たかし**：うん、だいぶ上手に（...）。
+
+* 乗れるしたよ
+* 乗れるなったよ
+
+「乗れるしたよ」: This doesn’t fit because "ために" implies "in order to," but Takashi is not explaining a reason; rather, he’s describing his progress. Also, "したよ" doesn’t naturally follow "乗れるために" here.
+
+「乗れるなったよ」: This is the correct choice, as "ようになる" means "to become able to" or "to reach the point where one can." So, 「乗れるようになった」 means "I’ve become able to ride," which fits perfectly to show that Takashi has made progress and is now able to ride the bike better.
+
+---
+
+私は勉強する、新しい机を買いました。
+
+私は勉強する、新しい机を買いました。
+
+「」implies that the desk was bought *specifically to enable studying*. The desk is seen as **instrumental** for studying; this sentence has a stronger implication that the desk is directly needed for the action. It it technically correct, but this sentence sounds weird.
+
+「」implies a personal wish or hope: you bought the desk *hoping to motivate yourself to study*. It’s less about necessity and more about creating a conducive environment or setting an intention.
+
+---
+
+日本に行く少しずつお金を貯めています。
+
+日本に行ける少しずつお金を貯めています。
+
+「」implies here, that *in order to* go to Japan, I am saving up money, little by little.
+
+「」implies here, that *so that* I **can** go to Japan, I am saving up money, little by little.
+
+---
+
+* 早く起きられる寝る。
+* I am going to sleep I can wake up early.
+
+* 早く起きられる寝る。
+* I am going to sleep I can wake up early.
+
+* 「」 is more **neutral** and **objective**.
+* No difference, but 「」 expresses the speaker's desire to **achieve their purpose**.
+
+---
+
+#### のに
+
+Means, "in order to ~", "to".
+
+It is often used with these verb combinations:
+
+V++使う V++役に立つ V++いい V++便利 V++ V++必要
+
+
+* このは、セーターを洗う使います。
+* This detergent is used wash sweaters.
+
+* これは紙を切る使うはさみです。
+* These scissors are used cut paper.
+
+* スマートフォンは音楽を聞く便利です。
+* Smartphone are useful listen to music.
+
+* 会議をうズームを使います。
+* I use Zoom hold a meeting.
+
+* お弁当を温める電子レンジを使います。
+* I use a microwave heat up a bento meal.
+
+* この絵を描く, 1か月かかります。
+* It took one month to draw this picture. *(lit. draw this picture, it took 1 month.)*
+
+* 話している、に寝。
+* My kohai fell asleep *(I am upset, )*, I was talking.
+
+---
+
+#### 関係するリンク
+
+* [https://my.wasabi-jpn.com/ : How to Express Aims: …ために, …に, …のに, and …ように](https://my.wasabi-jpn.com/magazine/japanese-grammar/how-to-express-aims/)
+* [ために VS ように | Learn N4 Japanese grammar](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lu301BrUPg4) by [Learn Japanese with Moon-chan](https://www.youtube.com/@JapanesewithMoon-chan)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/other/japanese-scale-modelling-tools.md b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/other/japanese-scale-modelling-tools.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..504328a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/other/japanese-scale-modelling-tools.md
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+---
+logosub: "Japanese"
+language: "en"
+title: "Scale modelling tools"
+---
+
+This page is an overview of Japanese words for scale modelling tools.
+
+* ニッパー
+* Ultra thin bladed nippers
+
+* ヤスリ
+* Flat file
+
+* やすり
+* Sandpaper
+* Sometimes just written as: 400ペーパー
+
+* デザインナイフ
+* Hobby Knife
+
+---
+
+Vehicle related terms.
+
+* のカバー
+* Drive wheel cover (tracked vehicle)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/other/onomatopoeia.md b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/other/onomatopoeia.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d08287f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/other/onomatopoeia.md
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+---
+logosub: "Japanese"
+language: "en"
+title: "Onomatopoeia"
+---
+
+### ざあざあ
+* Sound of rainfall
+
+---
+
+### 元々
+* Originally
+
+---
+
+### ヒヤヒヤ
+* Feeling nervous
+
+### ノリノリ
+* Feeling of a good party
+
+### ドキドキ
+* Feeling of heartbeat
+
+### わざわざ
+Expresses action of going through a lot of effort.
+* くれてありがとう。
+
+* おし いただき ありがとうございました。
+ * [お越し](https://jisho.org/search/%E3%81%8A%E8%B6%8A%E3%81%97)
+
+* でこっちのにてくれます。
+
+---
+
+### ボコボコ
+
+### ビリビリ
+
+---
+
+#### 関係するリンク
+
+* [Tofugu - Japanese Onomatopoeia: The Definitive Guide](https://www.tofugu.com/japanese/japanese-onomatopoeia/)
diff --git a/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/particles/adverbial-particles/dake-vs-shika.md b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/particles/adverbial-particles/dake-vs-shika.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..436456d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/particles/adverbial-particles/dake-vs-shika.md
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+---
+logosub: "Japanese"
+language: "en"
+title: "だけ vs しか"
+---
+
+日本語話せます。 日本語話せま。
+
+Both mean: "I speak Japanese."
+
+---
+
+日本語しか話せません。
+
+"."
+
+A good way to remember this, is to instead translate as:
+
+"I speak Japanese."
+
+---
+
+
+
+日本語話せます。= **factual / neutral feeling**
+
+日本語話せま。 = **strong / negative feeling**
+
+
+---
+
+
+
+You cannot use しか at the end of a sentence. You can do so with だけ.
+
+* ？
+* 私だけ？
+
+好きなの本は『ロード・オブ・ザ・リング』。
+
+好きなの本は『ロード・オブ・ザ・リング』。
+
+But you can use しか at the end by adding a negative form.
+
+好きなの本は『ロード・オブ・ザ・リング』です。
+
+---
+
+
+
+* お肉はあるけど卵がひとつからあしたね。
+* I have some meat but one egg, so maybe tomorrow.
+
+---
+
+* このpodcastは聞くじゃありません！
+* You do not listen to this podcast! *(Because you can also do other things)*
+
+---
+
+#### 関係する動画
+
+* [ONLY in Japanese だけ vs しか Differences(Common Mistake) - JLPT N4&5](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KmBVQM_l2wY&t=9s) by: [Japanese Ammo with Misa](https://www.youtube.com/@JapaneseAmmowithMisa)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/particles/adverbial-particles/toka-tari-shi.md b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/particles/adverbial-particles/toka-tari-shi.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7845c86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/particles/adverbial-particles/toka-tari-shi.md
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+---
+logosub: "Japanese"
+language: "en"
+title: "とか vs たり vs し"
+---
+
+### とか
+
+Noun+とか || Verb (dictionary form)+とか
+
+---
+
+1. **List items.**
+
+毎日、昼はラーメンそばを食べます。
+
+"Every day I eat ramen or soba for lunch for lunch."
+
+しほちゃんは、ピアノ絵お習字たくさんおけいこにいっているのよ。
+
+"Shiho-chan is taking many lessons such as piano, drawing and calligraphy."
+
+夏休みは釣り、旅行に行ったりします。
+
+"In summer vacation, I would like to go fishing and travel."
+
+---
+
+2. **Convey uncertainty.**
+
+あの家は、１億円でうれたそうですよ。
+
+"That house was sold for one hundred million yen."
+
+---
+
+### たり
+
+1. **Simultaneous or consecutive actions.**
+
+トラはおりの中で、行っ来しています。
+
+"The tiger walked back and forth in the cage."
+
+休みの日は映画を見本を読んしています。
+
+"On my day off, I do things like watching movies and reading books."
+
+2. **Cite one action or condition as example for others.**
+
+そんな所にゴミを捨てしてはいけません。
+
+"Don't throw your trash in that place."
+
+### し
+
+
+
+
+#### 関係する本
+
+* **A Dictionary of Japanese Particles**, ISBN978-4-7700-2352-0
+* **Nihongo So-Matome N4 ぶんぽう**, ISBN978-4-86639-075-8
+
+###### 関係する動画
+
+* ['Learn Japanese ～し、~し | Learn N4 Japanese grammar'](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XIpRgfQEevQ) by: [Learn Japanese with Moon-chan](https://www.youtube.com/@JapanesewithMoon-chan)
+* ['How to use し as because and difference between し, から and ので'](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=85ehzPo0TQ0&t=12s) by: ['Miku Real Japanese'](https://www.youtube.com/@mikurealjapanese)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/particles/binding-particles/contrast-particle.md b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/particles/binding-particles/contrast-particle.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2cdbd55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/particles/binding-particles/contrast-particle.md
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+---
+logosub: "Japanese"
+language: "en"
+title: "は contrast particle"
+---
+
+The は particle can be used to indicate contrast.
+
+* 私背が低いですが、ケビン背が高いです。
+* I'm short, Kevin is tall.
+
+The is the , the is the .
+
+---
+
+
+
+* 僕イカすきだけど、タコ好きじゃない。
+* I like squid, I don't like octopus.
+
+* ドイツ語が話せません。でも、オランダ語話せます。
+* I don't speak German, I can speak Dutch.
+ * オランダ語話せます。 *(Shorter reply)*
+
+
+* 山本さんは野球しますが、テニスしません。
+* Yamamoto-san plays baseball, does not play tennis.
+
+
+#### 関係する動画
+
+* [Episode21 「は」は時々（ときどき）「を」と「が」にとって代（か）わるけど、いつ？ "Wa" sometimes replaces "o" and "ga". When?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8_h0H-V9C4A) by: [Private Japanese Lessons](https://www.youtube.com/@PrivateJapaneseLessons)
+
diff --git a/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/particles/particles.md b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/particles/particles.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..869dee2
--- /dev/null
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@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+---
+logosub: "Japanese"
+language: "en"
+title: "Particles 助詞, じょし"
+---
+
+1. [は、が](#は、が)
+2. [を](#を)
+3. [に、へ](#に、へ)
+4. [まで](#まで)
+5. [で](#で)
+6. [も](#も)
+7. [の](#の)
+8. [関係する動画](#関係する動画)
+
+---
+
+#### は、が
+
+それ僕のです。 That is . ()
+* The particle puts more emphasis on the .
+
+これ田中さんのです。 is your paintbrush.
+* The particle puts more emphasis on the .
+ * したの。Who broke it?
+---
+
+頭痛い。My head hurts.
+
+頭痛い。My head hurts. ()
+
+犬好き。I like dogs. ()
+
+今日かわいいね。You look cute today. ()
+
+手痛いですか。Do your hands hurt?
+* 右手痛いです。My right hand hurts. ()
+* 左手痛くないですけど、右手痛いです。 My left hand does not hurt, but my right hand does.
+
+* きれいですね。Your hair is beautiful.
+* きれいですね。Your hair is beautiful, .
+
+一番面白いですか。 is the most interesting? ()
+
+ここからあの見えますか。Can you see that billboard from here?
+
+Note that: ここからあの見えますか。is not correct here.
+
+* 見ますか。Do you watch something?
+* 見えますか。Can you see something?
+
+今時間ありますか。
+
+* Object place あります。
+* Place object あります。
+
+* モンスターこわい。Monsters are scary. (statement)
+* モンスターこわい。I am scared of monsters. (subjective)
+
+車運転できますか。Can you drive a car?
+* できる、to be able to do.
+* So for potential forms, the を particle is changed to the particle.
+ * おにぎる作る。To make rice balls.
+ * おにぎる作れますか。Can you make rice balls?
+
+##### を ＞ が
+
+Some instances where I thought it would be を、but in should actually be instead.
+
+* 最近は日本のいろいろなで読まれています。
+* Recently, Japanese magazines are being read in many countries.
+
+* 明日９時半から大切な会議われます。
+* There will be an important meeting tomorrow from 9:30.
+
+---
+
+#### を
+
+公園走る。To run in the park.
+
+公園歩く。To walk in the park.
+
+---
+
+#### に、へ
+
+に indicates:
+* Destination or direction, "to"
+ * Destination 行く
+ * Destination る
+
+公園行きませんか。Would you like to go to the park?
+
+先生聞いたほうがいいですよ。
+* Somebody 聞く
+* Somebody 頼む
+
+車は駐車場あります。My car is in the parking lot. (see で section)
+* Location something があります。
+* Location event がある。
+
+日本文化があります。I am interested in Japanese culture.
+
+へ indicates:
+* General direction, more emphasis on
+
+* こっちてください。
+* Come over here, this way (in this direction).
+
+* こっちてください。
+* Come over here, this exact spot.
+
+* 北行ってください。
+* Head north.
+
+* Somewhere の行き方。
+* The way to get to somewhere.
+
+* ~えにてくれる？
+* Will you pick me up at 4:30?
+
+
+* Time:
+ * 一時、at 1:00.
+
+
+* Days of the week:
+ * 日曜日、on sunday.
+
+
+* Months:
+ * 、in January.
+
+
+* Note, this is not used always, like:
+ * 今日:
+ * 明日:
+
+
+一週間二回ジムに行く。Twice a week, I go to the gym.
+
+
+##### が ＞ に
+
+Some instances where I thought it would be が、but in should actually be instead.
+
+* 私は昨日夜の１２時に友だちられて、ってしまった。
+* I was in trouble because a friend came over at 12 o'clock last night.
+
+* 私は娘宿題をさせた。
+* I made my daughter do her homework.
+
+* バスを待って いた とき、私は友だち名前をばれた。
+* When I was waiting for the bus, my friend called my name.
+
+
+##### まで
+
+空港お願いします。To the airport please.
+* You cannot use に here.
+
+Full would be: 空港お願いします。But since its obvious, the begin is not needed.
+
+まで is also used with:
+* ~送る。To send someone home.
+* ~見送る。To see someone off.
+* ~送って行く。To send someone home.
+
+家送って行ってあげるよ。I will take you all the way () home.
+
+家送る。I will send it to your house.
+
+---
+
+#### で
+
+で indicates:
+* Location, "at", "in"
+* By means of, "with", "using"
+* Because of
+
+クレジットカード払えますか。Can I pay creditcard?
+
+息子は外遊んでいる。My son is playing outside.
+
+ジム運動する。To exercise at the gym.
+
+外 (location verb)
+* いる、to be outside (living)
+* ある、to be outside (object)
+
+外 (action verb)
+* 遊ぶ
+* 飲む
+* 食べる
+* 見る
+* 待つ
+
+~の前待ってるね。I am waiting in front of the ticket gate.
+
+5歳ぐらいの男の子が一人電車に乗っている。A boy about 5 years old is riding the train by himself.
+
+公園がありました。 There was an accident at the park.
+* Location event がある。
+* Location something があります。
+
+台風飛行機がになりました。The flight got cancelled because of a typhoon.
+* Note that you cannot use here. Even if that means "because".
+ * 忙しい、いけません。Because I am busy, I cannot go.
+* 台風 is a noun, so you would have to use . But its still unnatural in this case, because you blame here.
+ * 人間、飛べない。Because I am human, I cannot fly.
+* When blaming, you can use: . (By fault of)
+ * 台風飛行機がになりました。The flight got cancelled because of a typhoon.
+ * コロナにほんが受けられません。I cannot take the JLPT because of COVID.
+* To blame due to natural disasters, you can also just use :
+ * 台風。Because of typhoon.
+ * 。Because of earthquake.
+ * 。Because of tsunami.
+ * 。Because of heavy snowfall.
+* Or, something you cannot control:
+ * 病気。Because of sickness.
+
+この本は面白くて、二日読み終えた。Because this book is interesting, I finished reading it in two days.
+* If you had used the particle, it would have meant: "I finished reading it on the 2nd".
+ * 、on the 1st.
+ * 、in one day.
+ * 、on the 2nd.
+ * 、in two days.
+
+
+---
+
+#### も
+
+航空券は１５万円する。
+My plane ticket costs 15000 yen.
+
+
+友達が５人います。I have 5 friends
+
+友達が５人います。I have 5 friends
+
+contrast:
+友達が５人いません。I have 5 friends
+
+
+電波がわるくて、何きこえません。The signal is bad, I can hear .
+
+---
+
+#### の
+
+はしるがです。I hate running.
+
+の can also be used as substitute.
+
+* あそこでタバコをすっているが友達です。 (人)
+
+---
+
+#### 関係する動画
+
+* [The Ultimate Test/Guide to the Japanese Particles](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o_EuKawOZAw) by: [Japanese Ammo with Misa](https://www.youtube.com/@JapaneseAmmowithMisa)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/te-form/te-form.md b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/te-form/te-form.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08dcf8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/te-form/te-form.md
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+---
+logosub: "Japanese"
+language: "en"
+title: "て-form"
+---
+
+The て-form also acts as a connector form.
+
+* 母の新しいカメラは小さく軽い。
+* My mothers new camera is small light.
+ * 小さい ＞ 小さくて
+
+
+* 弟は１６歳、学生です。
+* My younger brother is 16-years-old is a student.
+
+* 山田さんは元気面白い人です。
+* Yamada-san is a lively interesting person.
+
+* は雪、昨日は雨でした。
+* The day before yesterday in snowed yesterday it rained.
+ * Note: do not use 、 or even
+
+---
+
+Express cause:
+
+* を見漢字をえます。
+* I remember kanji looking at the dictionary.
+ * Note: do not use
+
+
+* 最近は忙しくあまり運動をしていない。
+* Lately, I've been busy I have not been exercising.
+
+* 自転車のカギをなくし、家まで歩い帰った。
+* I lost the key to my bicycle, I walked home.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/te-form/te-oku.md b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/te-form/te-oku.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ec552b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/te-form/te-oku.md
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+logosub: "Japanese"
+language: "en"
+title: "ておく"
+---
+
+* て-form + おく
+* て-form + おきます
+* て-form + おいて
+
+1. To prepare or do in advance.
+2. To leave as is, without doing anything.
+
+---
+
+#### 1. To prepare or do in advance.
+
+* 来年、北海道に行くから、をし。
+* I will book a hotel , because I am going to Hokkaido next year.
+
+* 来週、パーティーに行くから、を切っ。
+* I will get a haircut , because I will go to the party next week.
+
+* 来週の試験のため、漢字を勉強し。
+* I studied kanji because of the exam next week.
+
+#### 2. To leave as is, without doing anything.
+
+* お姉さんにはにしね。
+* I it a secret with my older sister.
+
+
+---
+
+###### 関係する動画
+
+* [【JLPT N4 Grammar】〜ておく](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_fm1CiLbXZ4) by: [Japanese Shoko](https://www.youtube.com/@UKjapanese369)
+* [Learn Japanese Grammar ておく | Learn N4 Japanese grammar](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Z2YJjFiVGs) by: [Learn Japanese with Moon-chan](https://www.youtube.com/@JapanesewithMoon-chan)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/verbs/verbs.md b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/verbs/verbs.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8926594
--- /dev/null
+++ b/portfolio/pages/en/japan/language/verbs/verbs.md
@@ -0,0 +1,491 @@
+---
+logosub: "Japanese"
+language: "en"
+title: "Verbs"
+---
+
+1. [意志動詞 Volitional Verbs](#意志動詞)
+2. [非意志動詞 Non-Volitional Verbs](#非意志動詞)
+3. [他動詞 Transitive Verbs](#他動詞)
+4. [自動詞 Intransitive Verbs](#自動詞)
+5. [使役形 Causative form](#使役形)
+6. [受身形 Passive from](#受身形)
+7. [使役受身形 Causative-passive form](#使役受身形)
+
+This page contains my notes on verb conjugation in Japanese.
+
+---
+
+* 作る to make
+* 作れる can make (potential form)
+* 作れて て-form of the potential form
+* 作れてしまう to be able to completely make
+
+３分で作れてしまう。 You can make it in 3 minutes. *Nuance is, it may seem impossible, but it is possible.*
+
+---
+
+#### 意志動詞
+##### Volitional Verbs
+
+Volitional verbs describe actions performed with intent or will by the subject. The subject deliberately decides to do the action. These verbs are commonly used to express one's own actions or planned actions.
+
+*Examples:*
+
+* 食べる (たべる) - "to eat"
+* 行く (いく) - "to go"
+* 読む (よむ) - "to read"
+* 歌う (うたう) - "to sing"
+* 出かける (でかける) - "to go out"
+
+*Example sentence:*
+
+* 私は本を読む。- "I read a book."
+
+Here, reading is an intentional action by the subject.
+
+---
+
+#### 非意志動詞
+##### Non-Volitional Verbs
+
+Non-volitional verbs describe actions or states that occur without the subject's intent. These are often natural events, spontaneous actions, or involuntary feelings. They are usually used to indicate something happening without control from the subject.
+
+*Examples:*
+
+* 降る (ふる) - "to fall" (as in rain)
+* 驚く (おどろく) - "to be surprised"
+* 眠る (ねむる) - "to sleep" (natural occurrence of sleepiness)
+* 晴れる (はれる) -"to be sunny"
+* 分かる (わｋる) - "to understand"
+* 成功する (せいこうする) - "to succeed"
+
+*Example sentence:*
+
+* 雨が降る。- "It rains."
+* In this case, the rain falls naturally without a person’s will or intent.
+
+---
+
+#### 他動詞
+##### Transitive Verbs たどうし
+
+Transitive verbs act upon a direct object and require one to express what the action affects directly. Transitive verbs are often marked by the particle を (o), which indicates the object of the action.
+
+
+* 開ける (あける) - "to open" (something)
+* 閉める (しめる) - "to close" (something)
+* 作る (つくる) - "to make"
+
+* ドアを開ける。 - "I open the door."
+* Here, ドア is the object directly affected by the action 開ける.
+
+---
+
+#### 自動詞
+##### Intransitive Verbs じどうし
+
+Intransitive verbs do not take a direct object. The action occurs without directly impacting another entity, or the subject itself performs or experiences the action. They are often paired with particles like to indicate the subject.
+
+* 開く (あく) - "to open" (by itself)
+* 閉まる (しまる) - "to close" (by itself)
+* 増える (ふえる) - "to increase"
+
+* ドアが開く。- "The door opens."
+* In this case, 開く shows the door opening without anyone performing the action.
+
+##### List of verbs showing equivalents
+
+| 他動詞 | 自動詞 |
+| ------------------------------------------------------------ | -----------------------------------------------------------|
+| ける - "to open" (something) | く - "to open" (by itself)|
+| める - "to close" (something) | まる - "to close" (by itself)|
+| す - "to extinguish" (something) | える - "to extinguish" (by itself)|
+| める - "to stop" (something) | まる - "to stop" (by itself)|
+| す - "to break" (something) | れる - "to break" (by itself)|
+| く - "to burn", "to bake" (something) | ける - "to burn", "to bake" (by itself)|
+| かける - "to lock" (something) | かかる - "to lock" (by itself)|
+
+---
+
+#### 使役形
+##### Causative form
+
+* 食べる > 食べ > 食べ To somebody eat.
+* 食べる > 食べ > 食べ To somebody eat.
+* 友達にケーキを食べ。 I my friend eat a cake.
+* 子供に野菜を食べ。 I my children to eat vegetables.
+
+* 見る > 見 To somebody watch.
+* みさはみんなにピカチュウの映画を見。
+* Misa made everyone watch the [Detective Pikachu](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detective_Pikachu_(film)) film.
+
+* 行く > 行 To somebody go.
+* コンビニ行。
+* I my kouhai go to the convenience store.
+* コンビニ飲み物を買いに行。
+* I my kouhai go to the convenience store to buy a drink.
+
+* 飲む > 飲 To somebody drink.
+* はにお酒を飲ませた。
+* Senpai kouhai drink alcohol.
+
+Conjugate to the negative form and add せる。
+
+* 立つ > 立ない Do not stand.
+* 立つ > 立、立 To someone stand.
+* 先生は学生に立。
+* The teacher the student stand.
+
+* 待つ > 待 To somebody wait.
+* お待！
+
+* 写真を撮る > 写真を撮。 To somebody take a picture.
+
+* 売る > 売 To somebody sell.
+* 乗る > 乗 To somebody ride.
+* やる > や To somebody do.
+
+* 押す > 押 To somebody push.
+* 話す > 話 To somebody speak.
+* みさはみんなに日本語話。
+* Misa everyone speak Japanese.
+
+* 遊ぶ > 遊 To somebody play.
+
+* 読む > 読 To somebody read.
+
+* 歌う > 歌ない Do not sing.
+* 歌う > 歌 To somebody sing.
+* 買う > 買 To somebody buy.
+* 言う > 言 To somebody say.
+* 笑う > 笑 To somebody laugh. *(It does not mean force, the nuance here that it is a good thing to make someone laugh)*.
+
+Its not always a forced action, it depends on context.
+
+* お母さんが子供にピーマンを食べ。
+* The mother the child eat green pepper.
+
+* 彼女が彼氏にチョコレートを食べ。
+* The girl her boyfriend eat chocolate.
+
+**Negative form**
+
+* ここからへ行。
+* I will you to go further than here.
+
+**Irregular verbs**
+
+* する > To somebody do.
+* る > To somebody come.
+
+* 息子に:ゲームを前に、を。
+* Before letting my son play a game, I him do homework.
+
+---
+
+##### させてあげる、させてくれる、させてもらう
+
+This adds more of a "let" meaning and makes it sound more like a favour.
+
+To change the meaning into "to somebody do something", add the following grammar:
+* に。 I somebody do something.
+
+* 食べる。 I eat.
+* 食べ。 I 。 somebody eat.
+* 食べ。 I somebody eat.
+
+* 子供にケーキをたべ。 I my child eat the cake.
+
+To say something like "somebody ...", you use this grammar:
+
+* が。 Somebody do something.
+* 食べ。 Somebody eat.
+* お母さんがケーキを食べ。
+* My mother eat the cake.
+* お母さんがケーキを食べ。
+* My mother ate the cake .
+
+* ける。 To continue, to keep doing
+* ゲームをけ。 To somebody keep playing the game.
+* ゲームをけ。 To somebody keep playing the game.
+* 息子にゲームをけ。
+* I my son keep playing the game.
+* お父さんがゲームをけ。
+* My father me keep playing the game.
+* お父さんがゲームをけ。
+* My father me keep playing the game.
+
+* 飲む。 To drink
+* 飲。 To somebody drink.
+* 飲。 To somebody drink.
+* 娘にジュースを飲。
+* I my daughter drink juice.
+* 友達が飲。
+* My friend me take a sip.
+* 先生が答え。
+* My teacher me answer.
+* 両親が一人で日本に行。
+* My parents me go to Japan by myself. (Nuance: they allowed me this favour), (This shows appreciation).
+* 両親に一人で日本に行。
+* My parents me go to Japan by myself. (Nuance: they didnt really want to, but let me) (I asked them and they let me).
+
+* 友達の家ま
+* My friend me stay at his/her house (my friend offered me, I did not ask).
+* 友達の家ま。
+* My friend me stay at his/her house (because I asked).
+
+Note that negations are not really used with てもらう but only with てくれる。It can be correct, but its not used.
+* 友達がま。 My friend me stay.
+* 両親が食べながらテレビを見。
+* My parents me watch television while I eat.
+* 両親がテレビを見ながら食べJps colour="c2" text="させ"/>。
+* My parents eat while I watch television.
+
+* ~もいいですか。
+* Is it okay if you do something?
+* ~ませんか。
+* Could you do something?
+* 使もいいですか。
+* Is it okay if you use something?
+* 使ませんか。
+* Could you use something?
+
+Usually, the shorter form is just used though:
+
+* 使ってもいいですか。
+
+###### 関係する動画
+
+* [CAUSATIVE form┃-part 1](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jpo7YOytU6c) by: [Japanese Ammo with Misa](https://www.youtube.com/@JapaneseAmmowithMisa)
+* [CAUSATIVE form┃-part 2](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dunBnCI1iP0) by: [Japanese Ammo with Misa](https://www.youtube.com/@JapaneseAmmowithMisa)
+
+---
+
+#### 受身形
+##### Passive from
+
+* 笑う to laugh
+* 笑 to be laughed at *(passive form)*
+* 笑 was laughed at *(passive form)*
+
+* あいつは笑った。 He laughed.
+* あいつに笑。 He laughed at me. *(offending)*
+
+* あいつは私の写真を撮った。
+* He took a picture of me.
+* あいつは私の写真を撮。
+* He took a picture of me. *(But I do not like that)*
+
+* 好きな人に。
+* My crush dumped/rejected me. *(And I am upset)*
+* あいつにを見。
+* He saw my phone. *(And I am upset)*
+* たくさん食べ。
+* (someone) ate so much. *(and I am upset about that)*
+
+* ネズミが猫に食べ。
+* A rat by a cat.
+
+* 私のクッキーが姉に食べ。
+* My cookie by my older sister. *(And I am upset)*
+
+* 見！
+* They saw me! *(I don't like that)*
+* 見！
+* I saw it! *(I regret it / Oh noes!)*
+
+Its not always anger, its a negative feeling.
+
+* の人に歌っているのを。
+* A deliveryman heard me singing. *(And I am emberrassed)*
+* の人にっているのを見。
+* My neighbour saw me dancing. *(And I am emberrassed)*
+
+Not always is the passive form offensive or negative, its also used to speak from a different perspective;
+
+* 誕生日を聞。
+* I was asked for my birthday. *(...asked me for my birthday)*
+* 山田さんに誕生日を聞。
+* Yamada-san asked me for my birthday.
+
+* 友達に「写真を撮って」って。
+* My friend asked me "please take a picture".
+* 友達に写真を撮るようにまれました。
+* My friend asked me to take a picture.
+
+Do not use;
+* 友達は私に「写真を撮って」ってんだ。 *It sounds pretty unnatural.*
+
+* この家1987年にてられた。
+* This house was built in 1987.
+
+Note that you do not use the particle here, you are not annoyed that this house was built.
+
+* 山田さんに家てられた。
+* Yamada-san built a house (and I am upset).
+
+---
+
+Take care, iru and eru verbs conjugate *both* to: ~られる for *Passive* but also for *Potential* forms.
+
+* 食べ。 *passive form*
+* (to be eaten, someone eats and I am upset)
+* 食べ。 *potential form*
+* (can eat) ら is usually omitted in informal speech.
+
+* お姉ちゃんに食べ。 *passive form*
+* My older sister ate it. *(and I am upset)*
+* 箸で食べ。 *potential form*
+* I can eat with chopsticks.
+
+This is not the case for every verb though. Check the verbs conjugation rules.
+* ~られる *passive form*
+* I am hit (and I am upset).
+* ~れる *potential form*
+* I can hit.
+* 買われる *passive form*
+* someone buys *(and I am upset)*.
+* 買える *potential form*
+* I can buy.
+* 言われる *passive form*
+* someone says *(and I am upset)*.
+* 言える *potential form*
+* I can say.
+
+* このキノコは食べ。 *potential form*
+* This mushroom is edible.
+
+* ばかって言。
+* I was told I am stupid.
+* 彼女に料理がまずかったって言われた。
+* My girlfriend told me that the food I made tasted bad *(and I am upset)*.
+
+* 窓が開け。 *potential form*
+* I can open the window *(because of strong wind)*.
+* 窓を開けるよ。
+* I can open it (I will do it for you).
+* 窓は開いています。 *intransitive verb*
+* The window is open.
+* 窓は開け。 *passive form*
+* The window was opened.
+* 窓山田さん開け。
+* The window was opened by Yamada-san.
+* 山田さん窓開け。
+* Yamada-san opened the window *(and I am upset)*.
+
+**Negative forms**
+
+* 食べられない。 will not be eaten / cannot eat
+* たべられなかった。 was not eaten / could not eat
+
+* はライオンに食べられなかった。
+* The deer was not eaten by the lion. *(Told from perspective of the deer)*
+* ライオンはを食べなかった。
+* Same meaning, but told from perspective of the lion.
+
+**Irregular verbs**
+
+* ~する > *passive form*
+ * ネタバレ。
+ * Someone spoiled (the story) *(and I am upset)*.
+ * 。
+ * Someone cheated on me *(and I am upset)*.
+
+
+* ~する > *potential form*
+ * 料理できる。 I can cook.
+
+The passive and potential form for 来る is the same, like for other verbs.
+
+* る > *passive form*
+* る > *potential form*
+
+###### 関係する動画
+
+* [PASSIVE form┃-られた (rareta)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPOA3OYFnj4) by: [Japanese Ammo with Misa](https://www.youtube.com/@JapaneseAmmowithMisa)
+
+---
+
+#### 使役受身形
+##### Causative-passive form - しえきうけみけい
+
+* 食べる > 食べ > To eat.
+
+* 子供にピーマンを食べ。 *(Passive form)*
+* The mother the child eat green pepper.
+
+* お母さんにピーマンを食べ。 *(Causative-passive form)*
+* The child eat green pepper by the mother.
+
+---
+
+* 日本では、お酒を飲ことが多い。
+* In Japan, the event of drink is numerous.
+
+* 仕事をめ。
+* I quit my work.
+
+* その映画は考え。
+* That movie think.
+
+* 僕はからへと。
+* I transfer from one branch office to another branch office.
+
+* お父さんにお酒を飲。
+* My father drink alcohol.
+
+---
+
+**Causative, passive and causative-passive forms**
+
+* 食べる > 食べ To somebody eat.
+ * Causative form
+
+
+* 食べる > 食べ To be eaten *(someone eats and I am upset)*.
+ * Passive form
+
+
+* 食べる > 食べ To eat.
+ * Causative-passive form
+
+---
+
+* 読む > 読 To somebody read.
+ * Causative form
+
+
+* 読む > 読 To be read.
+ * Passive form
+
+
+* 読む > 読 To read.
+ * Causative-passive form
+
+---
+
+* 起きる > 起きさせられる
+* 寝る > 寝させられる
+* 見る > 見させられる
+* する > させられる
+
+* 行く > 行かせられる
+* 書く > 書かせられる
+
+* 泳ぐ > 泳がせられる
+
+Note, that there is a difference in **written** and **spoken** forms of the causative-passive forms.
+
+* 読む > 飲ませられる *(Written)*
+* 読む > 飲まされる *(Spoken)*
+* 待つ > 待たせられる *(Written)*
+* 待つ > 待たされる *(Spoken)*
+* 言う > 言わせられる *(Written)*
+* 言う > 言わされる *(Spoken)*
+
+
+###### 関係する動画
+
+* [Pera Pera Class #2】SARERU, SASERU, SASERARERU - Passive, Causative, Causative-Passive form JAPANESE](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aA-Fo-xjdRg) by: [Okaeri SCHOOL](https://www.youtube.com/@OkaeriSCHOOL)
+
diff --git a/portfolio/site.hs b/portfolio/site.hs
index 5990221..5c8cb28 100644
--- a/portfolio/site.hs
+++ b/portfolio/site.hs
@@ -168,9 +168,21 @@ main = hakyll $ do
let lang = fromMaybe "en" language
notes <- loadAll "pages/en/japan/language/notes/*"
+ teforms <- loadAll "pages/en/japan/language/te-form/*"
+ particles <- loadAll "pages/en/japan/language/particles/*"
+ adverbial_particles <- loadAll "pages/en/japan/language/particles/adverbial-particles/*"
+ binding_particles <- loadAll "pages/en/japan/language/particles/binding-particles/*"
+ verbs <- loadAll "pages/en/japan/language/verbs/*"
+ other <- loadAll "pages/en/japan/language/other/*"
let japanCtx =
listField "notes" (postCtx lang) (return notes) <>
+ listField "teforms" (postCtx lang) (return teforms) <>
+ listField "particles" (postCtx lang) (return particles) <>
+ listField "adverbial_particles" (postCtx lang) (return adverbial_particles) <>
+ listField "binding_particles" (postCtx lang) (return binding_particles) <>
+ listField "verbs" (postCtx lang) (return verbs) <>
+ listField "other" (postCtx lang) (return other) <>
langDict lang <>
defaultContext
diff --git a/portfolio/templates/japan/main-page.html b/portfolio/templates/japan/main-page.html
index 48580bb..816f3c2 100644
--- a/portfolio/templates/japan/main-page.html
+++ b/portfolio/templates/japan/main-page.html
@@ -4,17 +4,55 @@ $for(notes)$
$title$
$endfor$
+
+
+
て-forms
+
+$for(teforms)$
+ - $title$
+$endfor$
+
+
+
Particles (助詞、じょし)
-
+
+$for(particles)$
+ - $title$
+$endfor$
+
Binding particles (係助詞、かかりじょし)
+
+$for(binding_particles)$
+ - $title$
+$endfor$
+
Adverbial particles (副助詞、ふくじょし)
+
+$for(adverbial_particles)$
+ - $title$
+$endfor$
+
+
+
Verbs
+
+$for(verbs)$
+ - $title$
+$endfor$
+
-Other
+
+
+Other
+
+$for(other)$
+ - $title$
+$endfor$
+